Webliography(Kit Chan )

4. Is a cyborg queer? Discuss critical thinking on the intersection between sexuality and technology.

1. Maheu, Marlene M. “The Future of Cyber-Sex and Relationship Fidelity: Cyborg Theory”.
http://www.selfhelpmagazine.com/article/node/1337 (accessed 15 March 2010)
This article is called “The Future of Cyber-Sex and Relationship Fidelity: Cyborg Theory”. Firstly, the writer, Marlene M. Maheu explained that the development and the relationship between technology and people. He claims that the technology can be a powerful tool to affect people living in the society.
There is one example which is illustrated by Marlene. A young woman named Rebecca. She always meets strangers from online chat room. Then, she also has cyber sex and telephone sex with strangers. However, she never has sex partner and she doesn’t have sex with people easily in real world. She believes that it is not to be moral and safe for her. This example shows that Rebecca becomes a cyborg, because Rebecca’s sex life tied to the technology. The boundary between the human and the technology has been blurred.
He concluded that technology has comforted human life. People are searching for the communities and relationship from the cyberspace. This situation is not considered in common understanding of relationship commitment and fidelity. Marlene believes that technology created cyborg and it lets people can extend themselves to engage meaningful but unfaithful relationships.
2. Hyperborea(2007). “I'd Rather Be A Cyborg Than A Goddess”. http://aeconomics.blogspot.com/2007/06/id-rather-be-cyborg-than-goddess.html (accessed 15 March 2010)
The article, “I'd Rather Be A Cyborg Than A Goddess” talks about how technology affect human life as introduction. The writer claimed that technology has blurred the boundaries between artificial and natural, human and machine, male and female.
The writer has discussed the unequal power between the sexes. Technology has a sexual politics to solve this problem. An example in the article has explained above view point. Some people say the “culture” of cyberspace is more like the men’s change room at a football match. It is not a good and friendly place for female. However, this views has dissolved with the existence of new generation of girls who are quiet a home in cyberspace. It is because no one knows your true gender in cyberspace. The technology encourages women to make themselves up as they go along on the internet.
The writer concluded that sex, sexuality and gender can be constructed and reconstructed at will. The cyborg pushes the boundaries of people ideas about gender and identity. He also mentioned that if human body can be transformed, everything can be open to change, like plastic surgery. The artificial and natural got blurred relationship. The “natural” idea and gender concept will be obsolete.
3. Packman, Carl (2008) “The Cyber Future of Enjoyment Part”. http://raincoatoptimism.wordpress.com/2010/04/24/the-cyborg-future-of-enjoyment-part-55/ (accessed 15 March 2010)
This article is talking about cybersex. The writer ask that how do people have sex on the internet as cyborg enjoyment. He believes that cyborg theory can be a guideline for women to embrace relationship and partial identity on the internet.
He used Rebecca’ s story as an example to explain how Rebecca become a cyborg and enjoy her cybersex life through the online chat room and telephone. He also claimed there is a new emergence which makes cybersex become outdated; electronic products, “sex toys” are available that simulate the body. It is better than simulate the physical engagement. Jouissance means physical or intellectual pleasure can be delivered as cyborg enjoyment. This is how technology influenced the sexuality problems.
The writer concluded the cyborg can be defined as a part of masculinity and it can support the existence of rational behavior. However, there is no gender for cyborg in cyber world. It is opposite to the reality problem. According to cyborg theorists, the problem regarded the real world reality principles would be impermanent.
4. Hower, Ed . “Hooked on Cyber Sex”. http://ezinearticles.com/?Hooked-on-Cyber-Sex&id=136179 (accessed 15 March 2010)

This article is talking about the writer who are trying to know what cybersex is and how cybersex work out from the cyberspace. The writer shared his experience on five dating and hook-up websites. He interpreted the process of website member application and how to flirt with other members. He explained the result if you put your picture to your profile. People will have response to you easily and the comments usually contain sex.
He has examined that his profile included a picture, his profile can be found easily by the members and those member will be more passionate to know him. By the contrary, the profile which is without picture in it, there will be no one to check your profile. This situation showed us that technology can let people find trustworthiness to identity people that they do not know.
He found that although having cybersex online is time consuming, people would like to do it. First, you search for partners or playmates. Then, you communicate with them. At last, you join the cybersex. If you lose your partner, you have to do above process again. It is a time spending procedure. Moreover, personal safety is also a crucial problem which people always ignore. Therefore, the writer reminded people think clearly when they try to participating cybersex.
5. Lykke, Nina (2000) “Are Cyborgs Queer? Biological Determinism and Feminist Theory in the Age of New Reproductive Technologies and Reprogenetics”.
http://www.women.it/quarta/workshops/epistemological4/ninalykke.htm (accessed 15 March 2011)
The article discuss biological determinism and feminist theory in the age if new reproductive technologies and reprogenetics.
This paper has discussed gender, cyborgs and new reproductive technologies. For the introduction for this article, it brings out what are bodily makers, such as, sex, the bodily phases of ageing, skin colour, physical and mental outfit, mother tongue etc. The article also explained the history of the feminist theory and talked about queer theory briefly. The writer also explained the relationship between the cyborg and the queer. He claimed that the cyborg is contrary to the queer, because cyborg seems to be bent on variety in the sexual performances of bodies.
About the emergence of the queer in the cyborg-world of clinical conception, the writer used an example to delivery the message. He thinks that the embroyos, eggs and sperm can be forzen and sold now, maybe they can be producted without a body one day. Therefore, the definetion of sexuality identity of mother and father would also be changed.
For the concludsion,the writer stated that feminist has to fight with biological determinism and get together with the monocausal links, like from sex to gender and also combined with the desexualization of reproduction. She emphasised that the queer cyborg can rearrange the feminist agenda to consider of tehnologies.